What design approach focuses on heat gain control and thermal comfort in a building?

The selected answer emphasizes "Passive cooling." This design approach primarily focuses on using natural processes and architectural techniques to manage heat gain and maintain thermal comfort in a building without relying on mechanical systems. Passive cooling strategies may involve designing for optimal airflow, using thermal mass to absorb heat, strategically placing windows and overhangs to reduce direct sunlight, and enhancing insulation to keep spaces comfortable.

This method is particularly relevant in warmer climates where the emphasis is on reducing reliance on energy-consuming cooling systems, thereby promoting sustainability and energy efficiency. By maximizing natural ventilation and utilizing building orientation, passive cooling effectively reduces indoor temperatures and enhances comfort for occupants.

In contrast, the other approaches have distinct focuses. Green design encompasses a broader perspective that includes not only thermal comfort but also sustainable materials, energy efficiency, and the environmental impact of the building as a whole. Tropical design specifically addresses the needs of hot and humid environments, which can involve both passive and active strategies, but it is not solely defined by heat gain control. Active cooling refers to mechanical systems such as air conditioning, which directly counteract heat gain instead of utilizing natural methods to maintain comfort.